Languages of Exandria

(Redirected from Draconic)

Many different languages are spoken across Exandria. Common is the most widely spoken among humanoids, though most races have a language associated with their people and some geographical locations have regional languages.

Many creatures understand spoken language but not speak themselves, and others like kenku speak only through mimicry. Magic, such as the Comprehend Languages or Tongues spells, can be used to understand languages that one does not otherwise know.

From a gameplay perspective, Exandrian languages sometimes reference real-world languages but do not have direct equivalents. Zemnian, spoken by Liam O'Brien's character Caleb Widogast, uses German as a reference language, though Matthew Mercer did not consider them equivalent.[1]

Aarakocra[edit | edit source]

Aarakocra speak their own language, which is also called Aarakocra. Auran, a dialect of Primordial, is also considered a language of the aarakocra.[2]

Aarakocra glossary[edit | edit source]

h'aara-shie
cloud chasing, a sport played by aarakocra tribes in Wildemount reflecting the legend that their people were created by Melora to herd storm clouds across the sky[3]

Abyssal[edit | edit source]

Official art of a tome with Abyssal script on the cover, by Olivia Samson from Vox Machina Origins II 2.[art 1]

Abyssal is the language of demonic creatures. It is also apparently spoken commonly enough in Rosohna that signage for an inn included an Abyssal translation alongside Common and Undercommon.[4] Of the player characters, known speakers include Vax'ildan,[5] Vex'ahlia,[6] and Yasha Nydoorin.[7]

For a sense of the sound of Abyssal, short phrases can be heard in "Vorugal" (1x71) at 2:25:20 and at 2:45:39.

Abyssal script is described as being composed of glyphs with very sharp edges, having similar elements to Celestial, but "a bit twisted and reversed."[8]

Aeorian[edit | edit source]

The people of Aeor had their own language, an archaic dialect of Draconic[9] which did not survive into the modern post-Divergence era.[10][11][12] The language of Aeor references real-world Latin; sparse available vocabulary and the names of Aeorian locations and people—such as the Immensus Gate, the known wards of the city, and the Somnovem—are derived from Latin.

Aeorian glossary[edit | edit source]

Factorum Malleus
Creator Hammer, name of an experimental research project that was being conducted in Aeor[13]

Celestial[edit | edit source]

Celestial is a language spoken mainly by celestials and aasimar. Celestial poetry rhymes even when translated into any language.[14] Of the player characters, known speakers include Percival de Rolo,[15] Caleb Widogast,[16] and Yasha.[17]

Celestial glossary[edit | edit source]

lux
first light[18]

Common[edit | edit source]

Common is the most widespread language in Exandria and the primary language of human civilizations. Common is the primary language of the Dwendalian Empire and spoken throughout the Wildemount, but it is not the language most human cultures in the continent spoke before the Dwendalian Empire came to power. In Wildemount, it supplanted Zemnian in the Zemni Fields and Naush and Marquesian in the Menagerie Coast as the vernacular languages.[19]

Due to their insular life before the attack of Chroma Conclave in 811 PD, ravenites of Draconia did not speak Common, only understanding Draconic language.[20]

When centaurs, affiliated with the Unseelie Court in the Fey Realm, encountered Bells Hells, they spoke solely Elvish, despite being addressed in Common by FCG.[21] They might have either chosen to stick to their own language on principle or they might not have possessed the knowledge of Common necessary for communication.

Deep Speech[edit | edit source]

Deep Speech is the language of aberrations, such as mind flayers and beholders. Of the player characters, known speakers include Beauregard Lionett.[22]

For a sense of the sound of Deep Speech, Otis Brunkel says grace in Deep Speech in "Nothing Ventured, Nothing Gained" (2x122) at 2:24:12.

Draconic[edit | edit source]

Draconic is the language of dragons and is also spoken by dragonborn. The early basis of magical runes and a lot of arcane magic is a deviation of Draconic. The earliest, base Draconic runes are more powerful.[23][24] Of the player characters, known speakers include Taryon Darrington,[25] Tiberius Stormwind,[26] and Vex'ahlia.[6]

For a sense of the sound of Draconic, short phrases can be heard in "Trust" (1x70) at 3:40:11 and in "Vorugal" (1x71) at 26:13 and at 28:24.

Draconic glossary[edit | edit source]

amancia
to wield through will alone, adapted over the centuries into a modern suffix of magical schools including "dunamancy"[27]
charis
hope, hence the name of the village in the Lotusden Greenwood[28]
dranas
gathering, the noun in the sense of a meeting or assembly, as in the names of the cities Ghor Dranas (gathering of shadows)[29] and Nicodranas (gathering of colors)[30]
ghor
shadow or shadows[29][31]
huc-toh[spelling?]
archaic word for candle[32]
nico
color or colors[30]
veles
vault[31]
xarzith kitril
ice born, the name of a dragonborn city in Xhorhas[33]

Druidic[edit | edit source]

Druidic is the private language of druids. Of the player characters, known speakers include Keyleth,[34] Fearne Calloway,[35] and presumably Vax'ildan.[36]

The druidic Ashari tribes also communicate using a series of manual gestures, which vary by region but can be understood across the communities; it is unclear if these are part of a sign language, are a signed form of the Druidic language, or are hand signals. Orym is familiar with a form of this communication.[37]

Dwarvish[edit | edit source]

"Dwarvish" redirects here. For the people, see Dwarf.

Dwarvish is the language of the dwarves. Of the player characters, known speakers include Grog Strongjaw (while wearing the Belt of Dwarvenkind),[38] Pike Trickfoot,[39] Tiberius,[40] and Beau.[41]

For a sense of the sound of Dwarvish, Dariax Zaveon swears in Dwarvish in "What Comes Next" (E1x08) at 43:32.

Dwarvish glossary[edit | edit source]

gurdhe
hill, colloquially "beyond the mountains" in most dialects[42]
gurdheledr
hill travelers; by 836 PD, it has come to also mean "mercenary" or "bounty hunter" due to common association with the dwarves traveling throughout the Dividing Plains[43]
rudraz
a binding promise made between two people to repay a deed or something traded; though not a formal contract, dwarves in Tal'Dorei (particularly in Emon) believe that breaking such an oath will not allow them to pass into the afterlife; humans in Emon use this promise for less weighty matters in business or politics, but the social repercussions of breaking it remain serious[44]
Uthodurn
roughly "the new under salvation," the name of a dwarf-founded city in the Greying Wildlands[45]

Elvish[edit | edit source]

"Elvish" redirects here. For the people, see Elf.

Elvish is the language of the elves and is also spoken by most half-elves. Elvish is related to Sylvan[46] and shares a common linguistic ancestor with Orcish.[47] Of the player characters, known speakers include Keyleth, Percival de Rolo,[48] Vax'ildan,[5] Vex'ahlia,[49] Caduceus Clay,[50] and Beauregard.[51]

Elvish glossary[edit | edit source]

alfen
elves, such as in syn'alfen, lyren'alfen, and myrk'alfen[52]
demora
command word to animate a toy griffon purchased by Fearne Calloway[53]
dura
tribal master[54]
Dwueth'var
Elvish name of the Star Razor, a Vestige of Divergence,[55] arguably possible the translation is somewhat poetic, i.e. "razor" in Common for "blade" in Elvish
fajar
a word used to command Caleb's driftglobe to cast Daylight;[56][57] from an Indonesian word for "dawn"[58]
Fenthras
ancient Elvish word with no direct translation but related to the words "protector" and "growth", name of the Vestige of Divergence Fenthras[59]
Galas-var
command word to invoke the Star Razor[60][61]
gorn
apparently "city" or another word for a settlement, from suffixes in the names of the elven cities Lyrengorn and Syngorn, which share roots with lyren'alfen and syn'alfen[62]
gwes'alfen
elves of the Gwessar[63]
Gwessar
Fields of Joy, Elvish name for the Tal'Dorei continent[64]
halya
shrouds[65]
ira'fallai
Elvish name for the Skyneedle temple in the Daggerbay Mountains[66]
Ivae'ess
Lightbringer, the name given to Reani's anonymous vigilante persona in Uthodurn[67]
lyren
mountain, per lyren'gorn ("mountain city") and similar words (see below)
lyren'alfen
high elves, the name for the elves of Lyrengorn;[68] literally "mountain elves" per the literal name of Lyrengorn
lyren'alsi
Elvish name for the Daggerbay Mountains[69]
lyren'gorn
mountain city, hence the name of the city Lyrengorn[70]
myrk
dark, as in myrk'alfen for dark elves[52]
myrk'alfen
dark elves, name for dark elves both in Tal'Dorei and Wildemount[52]
orfindes
term for outsiders from the north among the Orroyen tribes living in the Rifenmist Jungle[54]
othlir
ill-born, a derogatory term for half-elves[71]
Pravenier
"kaleidoscopic tapestry", the name of a Seelie elven clan in the Feywild.[72]
savalir
guilt[73]
sinaeth
forgive[74]
syn
likely "wood", as in syn'alfen for wood elves[75]
syn'alfen
wood elves, the name for the elves of Syngorn, the Orroyen Tribes, and others in the Verdant Expanse[75]
talan
rough[65]
tawhaj
a word used to command Caleb's driftglobe to cast Light;[56][57] based on an Arabic word meaning "to glow" or "to flare"[76]
tomenda
resting point[54]
veloum
ancient Elvish verb for "to give everything", the Common "volunteer" is derived from it[77]

Giant[edit | edit source]

Giant is the language spoken by giants and goliaths. Of the player characters, known speakers include Grog[78] and Caduceus.[79]

For a sense of the sound of Giant, a frost giant can be heard using the language in "Trial of the Take: Part 1" (1x18) at 2:40:32 and a fire giant in "The Endless Burrows" (2x50) at 2:54:29.

Giant glossary[edit | edit source]

braan
belly, hence the name of the cavern home of a clan of stone giants in Xhorhas[80]
cluk [click]
thank you, said as the vocalization cluk followed by a tongue click[81]
droonga
respect[82]

Gnomish[edit | edit source]

"Gnomish" redirects here. For the people, see Gnome.

Gnomish is the language of gnomes. Of the player characters, known speakers include Pike Trickfoot,[83] Scanlan Shorthalt,[84] Taryon,[85] and Chetney Pock O'Pea.[presumed]

Goblin[edit | edit source]

The Goblin language is mainly spoken by goblins and goblinkin. Of the player characters, known speakers include Veth Brenatto.[86]

Goblin glossary[edit | edit source]

an-Melzidanye
regional name for Melora in the Lushgut Forest[87]
drohurror
terrorfolk, word for the Righteous Brand among the goblinkin of the Dwendalian Empire[88]
kinespaji
horizonback tortoise[89]

Halfling[edit | edit source]

Halflings speak their own language, which is also called Halfling. Of the player characters, known speakers include Beau,[90] Veth,[90] and Orym.[91]

Infernal[edit | edit source]

Infernal is the language spoken by devils and tieflings. Of the player characters, known speakers include Jester Lavorre, Mollymauk Tealeaf, and Fearne.[92]

For a sense of the sound of Infernal, a chain devil shouts something in "Bats Out of Hell" (1x93) at 3:13:02.

Infernal glossary[edit | edit source]

ermahgerd
no, this word was suggested on the spot by Liam O'Brien as a joke in reference to the ermahgerd meme[93]
k'nauth
plural: k'nauthi[94]
puppet, the connotation is that of someone so devoted to a god that they easily allow themselves to be taken over[95]
kuthrek
farewell (usually said in a forceful manner)[96] or thank you[97]
kuthók[spelling?]
greeting[98]
šašek
jester,[99] from the Czech word meaning the same
virkwzual
Dark Bastion, the name of a now-ruined citadel that the Lucid Bastion was built over[29]
yai
yes[93]

Marquesian[edit | edit source]

Screenshot of Marquesian writing, by Titmouse from "Prisoners of Ank'Harel" (LVM3x02).[art 2]

Marquesian is a language spoken in Marquet. Due to historical Marquesian colonization of the Menagerie Coast, it is also spoken throughout the region and the Clovis Concord. There, it is simultaneously considered a language of the elite, who are often descended from Marquesians, and of piracy, as the Revelry was formed by lower-class Marquesians defecting from the Concord.[19] Of the player characters, known speakers include Scanlan,[100] Ashton Greymoore,[101] Dorian,[102] Imogen Temult,[102] and Fresh Cut Grass.[103]

For a sense of the sound of Marquesian, there are several samples:

Marquesian glossary[edit | edit source]

a
of, may appear as a standalone word as in the game Quon a Drensal (Run of Luck)[104] or be attached to a previous word as in the ship Drensala Vis (Luck of the Mother)[105]
Ank'Harel
Jewel of Hope in a northern dialect,[106] a city of the same name is located in the Rumedam Desert
drensal
luck[105]
quon
run, the noun in the sense of a continuous period of something, as in the game Quon a Drensal (Run of Luck)[104] or the Marquesian name of the casino Luck's Run (Drensala Quon)[107]
vis
mother[105]

Naush[edit | edit source]

Naush is the language spoken by the Ki'Nau people native to the Menagerie Coast. Although it was replaced by Common as the vernacular language, it continues to thrive in the region and its multicultural cities. Many Naush words have become a regular part of sailing vernacular, even among sailors who speak only Common.[19]

Naush glossary[edit | edit source]

Ki'Nau
the Water Children[108]
Sepesca
Nature's End, the name of a now-ruined holy burial site where Ki'Nau kings and priests were interred[109]

Orc[edit | edit source]

Orc, sometimes called Orcish,[110][111][112] is a language spoken by orcs and half-orcs. Orc shares a common linguistic ancestor with Elvish.[47] Of the player characters, known speakers include Fjord.[113]

For a sense of the sound of Orcish, short phrases are shouted in "Trial of the Take: Part 1" (1x18) at 2:08:21 and in "A Name Is Earned" (1x49) at 58:45 and at 1:18:35.

Orc glossary[edit | edit source]

hgar'Gruum
the curse of ruin, referring to a violent and bloodlusting fury falsely believed to afflict orcs and half-orcs due to legendary association with Gruumsh, the Ruiner, but it is broadly applied to any anger ranging from rage in battle to bad tempers;[114] the root in Gruumsh suggests hgar means "curse" and Gruum is likely less the colloquial word for "ruin" and more a signifier for Gruumsh
Jez-Araz
Breakers of Spirits, the name of an orcish people in the Rime Plains[115]

Primordial[edit | edit source]

Primordial is a language spoken by elemental creatures. It has dialects associated with each element: Aquan (water), Auran (air), Ignan (fire), and Terran (earth).[116] Fluency in Primordial allows one to communicate in all of its dialects.[117] Primordial dialects are also spoken by non-elementals. For example, Auran is also the language of aarakocra and other flying creatures[2] and Aquan is spoken by creations adapted for the water environment as deep scions,[118] tortles,[119] tritons, or sea furies[120].

Of the player characters, known speakers of Primordial include Keyleth,[121] Dorian Storm,[122] and Ashton.[123]

Primordial glossary[edit | edit source]

Drobanagos
"Home of the Dreamer" in Aquan. A port village on Athova-Rae.[124]

Qoniira language[edit | edit source]

The language of the Qoniira Tetrarchy is a language that predates "the language of the gods" and is suggested to have roots in Celestial. The glyphs of its writing system communicates significant meaning through the "drawing" of the glyph. For example, "a place of burning" is written though the visual of "a place, a gate" and the word that means "a burning flow and energy".[125]

Shadow Cant[edit | edit source]

Shadow Cant is a language spoken by Laudna. It is not known what peoples speak Shadow Cant, but it was also spoken by the fey Evithorir, who has a shadowy form,[126] and the undead Urlu Novos,[127] and Laudna spoke it while casting Hex.[128] The language has been proven to be distinct from Abyssal[129] and Undercommon.[130]

Sylvan[edit | edit source]

Sylvan is the primary language of the fey. It is related to Elvish.[46] Runes based in ancient Sylvan are used to encode ideas and philosophies into weapons during enchantment; for example, Yu Suffiad's rapier has a rune that is "about banishing shadow and then creating shadow in the same stroke".[131]

Of the player characters, known speakers include Keyleth,[132] Taryon,[132] Caleb,[133] Caduceus,[50] and Fearne.[92]

Thieves' Cant[edit | edit source]

Thieves' Cant is a form of communication used among thieving communities that uses coded language to hide messages in what appears to others as normal conversation.[134] It is largely a spoken language, though it also has a written form that can be used as a ciphers in addition to other written communication.[135][136][137] There is a form of it in at least Tal'Dorei that can be communicated through in a manner similar to morse code.[138] To those who do not understand Thieves' Cant, it sounds like gibberish, double talk, and nonsense.[139] Of the player characters, known speakers include Veth,[140] Beau,[141] Vax'ildan,[139] and Vex'ahlia.[139]

Undercommon[edit | edit source]

Undercommon is a language spoken by creatures of the Underdark, including the drow. Of the player characters, known speakers include Pike,[142] Taryon,[143] Vex'ahlia,[144] and Beau.[145]

Undercommon was once described as sounding guttural and deep, like Black Speech from the Tolkien universe.[146] For a sense of the sound of Undercommon, phrases can be heard from:

For a sense of the appearance of the script, several words written on the in-game map of Xhorhas are written in Undercommon.[147]

Undercommon glossary[edit | edit source]

Rosohna
Rebirth, the name of the capital of the Kryn Dynasty[148]
Thuron
blessed second-born, a given name as in the echo knight Thuron[149]
Vin-Radethak
the Everstorm, the name of a ship in the Dynasty fleet[150]

Ywan[edit | edit source]

Ywan is a language spoken by the cultures of the Ossended Host in the Shattered Teeth.[151]

Spoken Ywan is represented by the real-world Japanese lanaguage,[152] though as with other uses of real languages it is likely that they are not equivalent to one another.[1]

Zemnian[edit | edit source]

Zemnian is a language spoken in the Zemni Fields in the Dwendalian Empire. It is an ancient language spoken as the vernacular language of Zemniaz during the Age of Arcanum. Though it persists after the fall of Zemniaz, it was ultimately replaced as the vernacular by Common and became commonly spoken only among rural farming communities.[19] Of the player characters, known speakers include Caleb.[153]

Spoken Zemnian is represented by the real-world German language because of Liam O'Brien's love for the language; Matthew Mercer stated they are not equivalent to one another.[1]

Other languages[edit | edit source]

Other peoples and cultures of Exandria have their own languages, which are lesser in their distribution and often spoken by only one particular race, including: the language of hook horrors,[154] gith (githzerai and githyanki),[155] minotaurs,[156] sahuagin,[157] yeti.[158]

Some animals in Exandria have their distinct languages, including language of bears, known to Tova while she in her werebear form,[159] and language of ducks, spoken by Lionel Gayheart.[160]

A sign language is used by some people of Uthodurn: Deilin and Umagorn Smeltborne communicate to another in a signed language.[161] Timpani Guff can communicate in sign language.[162]

Unknown[edit | edit source]

The language to which these words belong is unknown, typically because the region the word is used in commonly uses multiple languages.

ashari
word found in many languages with a multitude of meanings, including: sunrise, innate will, torchbearer, and gardener.[163]
attalwen
two-hearted, Uthodurnian word for dwarvish-elvish children, either Dwarvish or Elvish[164]
hishari
the secondary portion of the word is elemental-based and has a common roots with the word "Ashari".[165]
rosohna
"rebirth", the name of the capital of the Kryn Dynasty, said to be named by the drow "in their tongue" which is ambiguously Undercommon or Elvish[166]
Viduun-Devaar
the Windowed Wall, a neighborhood in Jrusar,[167] probably Marquesian

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Matthew Mercer (@matthewmercer) on Twitter: "Zemnian has no specific language equivalent, but since Liam wanted to use his love of German for Caleb, it became a narrative reference/tool. The many other languages of Exandria (Elvish, Dwarvish, Marquesian) can have references, but do not really have any direct equivalents." (November 12, 2021) — in reply to @wokenhardies: "@matthewmercer ooh im so worried about this but; multiple characters mention speaking marquesian in this episode. we know zemnian was equivalent to german, what language is marquesian equivalent to?"
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Clay and Dust" (2x72) at 1:09:45.
  3. ↑ Explorer's Guide to Wildemount, Chapter 4: "Character Options", p. 165. Chapter 4: Character Options. "Aarakocra".
  4. ↑ "In Love and War" (2x57) at 2:29:45. This is strange, because Rosohna has a significant population of tieflings, who would speak Infernal, the other major language of fiends.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Liam O'Brien shared Vax'ildan's level 13 character sheet from 2016-03-17 on Twitter.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 "Strange Bedfellows" (1x03) at 35:56.
  7. ↑ "Duplicity" (2x55) from 51:50 through 52:08.
  8. ↑ "CelebriD&D with Joe Manganiello" (OSx09) from 12:35 through 14:46.
  9. ↑ Explorer's Guide to Wildemount, Chapter 5: "Adventures in Wildemount", p. 246.
  10. ↑ "Aeor" (2x132) at 3:22:56.
  11. ↑ "The Streets of the Forgotten" (2x134) at 1:03:57.
  12. ↑ "The Genesis Ward" (2x135) at 1:09:46.
  13. ↑ "The Genesis Ward" (2x135) at 2:16:44.
  14. ↑ Tal'Dorei Campaign Setting, p. 74.
  15. ↑ "A Name Is Earned" (1x49) at 2:33:03.
  16. ↑ "A Show of Scrutiny" (2x02) at 2:45:59.
  17. ↑ "The Gentleman's Path" (2x19) at 3:20:21.
  18. ↑ "A Name Is Earned" (1x49) at 3:52:34. It's possible this is a translation of the actual Celestial word. Taliesin Jaffe says that Percy uses the Celestial equivalent of the Latin word "lux" (meaning "light"), and Matthew Mercer acts it out, using the word "Lux" but with a singing tone to indicate the sound of Celestial.
  19. ↑ 19.0 19.1 19.2 19.3 Explorer's Guide to Wildemount, "Welcome to Wildemount", p. 9. Welcome to Wildemount. "Languages".
  20. ↑ "The Frigid Doom" (1x64) at 2:47:13.
  21. ↑ "Night at the Ligament Manor" (3x46) at 3:29:21.
  22. ↑ "Clay and Dust" (2x72) from 1:58:28 through 1:58:38. Marisha mentions that Beau can speak and read Deep Speech.
  23. ↑ "Duskmeadow" (1x57) at 50:36.
  24. ↑ "Dubious Pursuits" (2x40) at 33:20.
  25. ↑ "Family Matters" (1x96) at 3:34:35.
  26. ↑ "Trial of the Take: Part 3" (1x20) at 1:47:11.
  27. ↑ Matthew Mercer (@matthewmercer) on Twitter: ""-mancy" in Exandria is based on the Exandrian draconic phrase "Amancia", which means "to wield through will alone". Its been adapted into magical studies over the many centuries to the more modern suffix." (December 8, 2021).
  28. ↑ Explorer's Guide to Wildemount, Chapter 3: "Wildemount Gazetteer", p. 136.
  29. ↑ 29.0 29.1 29.2 Explorer's Guide to Wildemount, Chapter 3: "Wildemount Gazetteer", p. 142. Chapter 3: Wildemount Gazetteer. "Rosohna (Ghor Dranas)".
  30. ↑ 30.0 30.1 Explorer's Guide to Wildemount, Chapter 3: "Wildemount Gazetteer", p. 67. Chapter 3: Wildemount Gazetteer. "Nicodranas".
  31. ↑ 31.0 31.1 Explorer's Guide to Wildemount, Chapter 3: "Wildemount Gazetteer", p. 154. Chapter 3: Wildemount Gazetteer. "Ghor Veles".
  32. ↑ "The Family Business" (1x47) at 40:27. Laura Bailey invented the word ad hoc, making a sound like hacking spit. As such, the spelling of the word is unknown.
  33. ↑ Explorer's Guide to Wildemount, Chapter 3: "Wildemount Gazetteer", p. 148. Chapter 3: Wildemount Gazetteer. "Xarzith Kitril". What little is known of Draconic grammar suggests that xarzith may specifically mean "born" and kitril means "ice", though evidence is lacking.
  34. ↑ "Into the Frostweald" (1x48) at 2:15:16.
  35. ↑ "An Ancient Flame" (3x75) at 1:17:31.
  36. ↑ "Druidic" is a 1st-level druid class feature. Player's Handbook, 5th edition, p. 66. Chapter 3: Classes. "Druid".
  37. ↑ "The Oh No Plateau" (E1x02) at 2:39:50.
  38. ↑ "Skyward" (1x15) from 10:30 through 15:00.
  39. ↑ "Arrival at Kraghammer" (1x01) at 21:00.
  40. ↑ "Arrival at Kraghammer" (1x01) at 21:08.
  41. ↑ Beau is able to read the inscriptions inside the Cinderrest Sanctum. "Clay and Dust" (2x72) at 1:58:15.
  42. ↑ Tal'Dorei Campaign Setting Reborn, Chapter 4: "Character Options", p. 152.
  43. ↑ Tal'Dorei Campaign Setting Reborn, Chapter 4: "Character Options", p. 153.
  44. ↑ Tal'Dorei Campaign Setting, p. 89.
  45. ↑ "Uthodurn" (2x73) at 3:02:33.
  46. ↑ 46.0 46.1 "The Coming Storm" (1x73) at 2:55:38. Matt describes Sylvan as "close enough to Elvish" that Elvish speakers can understand some of it. See also "Between a Ball and a Hot Place" (2x129) at 37:02 where Matt says that a language is "an older form of Elvish or Sylvan".
  47. ↑ 47.0 47.1 Call of the Netherdeep, Chapter 5: "The Drowned City", p. 129. Chapter 5: The Drowned City. "Cael Morrow Locations (M1-M8): M6: Sunken Tavern". "Olara speaks an ancient dialect that formed the basis for both Elvish and Orc, and any character who speaks and understands either of those languages can converse with her."
  48. ↑ "Dangerous Dealings" (1x42) at 35:43.
  49. ↑ "A Name Is Earned" (1x49) at 2:55:15.
  50. ↑ 50.0 50.1 "Beyond the Boundaries" (2x32) at 2:11:29.
  51. ↑ Beau reads a gravestone written in Elvish. "Within the Nest" (2x28) at 51:35.
  52. ↑ 52.0 52.1 52.2 Tal'Dorei Campaign Setting Reborn, Chapter 4: "Character Options", pp. 155–156.
  53. ↑ "A Hungry Jungle" (3x18) at 3:18:36.
  54. ↑ 54.0 54.1 54.2 Tal'Dorei Campaign Setting, p. 78.
  55. ↑ "Causatum" (2x70) from 1:25:49 through 1:26:48. Spelling of the Common translation clarified per Matthew Mercer (@matthewmercer) on Twitter: "Star Razor. :)" (August 24, 2019).
  56. ↑ 56.0 56.1 "The Second Seal" (2x47) from 3:06:20 through 3:07:19.
  57. ↑ 57.0 57.1 "The Streets of the Forgotten" (2x134) at 1:06:53. Veth attempts to use the driftglobe, resulting in clarifying the commands.
  58. ↑ fajar. Cambridge Indonesian-English Dictionary.
  59. ↑ "The Echo Tree" (1x63) at 1:16:47.
  60. ↑ "Fetching Fables & Frosty Friends" (2x115) at 2:08:33.
  61. ↑ Tal'Dorei Campaign Setting Reborn, Chapter 5: "Game Master's Toolkit", p. 210.
  62. ↑ Tal'Dorei Campaign Setting Reborn, Chapter 4: "Character Options", p. 155.
  63. ↑ Tal'Dorei Campaign Setting Reborn, Chapter 4: "Character Options", p. 154.
  64. ↑ Tal'Dorei Campaign Setting, p. 8.
  65. ↑ 65.0 65.1 Explorer's Guide to Wildemount, Chapter 3: "Wildemount Gazetteer", p. 97. Chapter 3: Wildemount Gazetteer. "Bysaes Tyl".
  66. ↑ Tal'Dorei Campaign Setting, p. 132.
  67. ↑ "Manifold Morals" (2x74) at 1:25:30.
  68. ↑ Tal'Dorei Campaign Setting Reborn, Chapter 3: "Tal'Dorei Gazetteer", p. 102.
  69. ↑ Tal'Dorei Campaign Setting Reborn, Chapter 3: "Tal'Dorei Gazetteer", p. 130. This is given as loren'al in Tal'Dorei Campaign Setting, p. 86.
  70. ↑ Tal'Dorei Campaign Setting, p. 68.
  71. ↑ Vox Machina Origins I #1.
  72. ↑ "Collecting Legends" (3x105) at 20:01.
  73. ↑ Explorer's Guide to Wildemount, Chapter 3: "Wildemount Gazetteer", p. 116. Chapter 3: Wildemount Gazetteer. "Savalirwood".
  74. ↑ "The Elephant in the Room" (1x72) at 3:00:37.
  75. ↑ 75.0 75.1 Tal'Dorei Campaign Setting Reborn, Chapter 1: "Welcome to Tal'Dorei", p. 17.
  76. ↑ Google Translate: توهج (Arabic) to English
  77. ↑ "The Search For Grog" (OSx28) at 1:05:45.
  78. ↑ "Trial of the Take: Part 1" (1x18) at 2:40:35.
  79. ↑ Taliesin lists off all the languages Caduceus knows, which includes Giant. "Beyond the Boundaries" (2x32) at 2:11:29.
  80. ↑ "A Turtle By Any Other Name" (2x60) at 3:05:40.
  81. ↑ "Agreements" (2x61) at 17:59.
  82. ↑ "Agreements" (2x61) at 48:35.
  83. ↑ Gnomes have default racial languages. Player's Handbook, 5th edition, p. 37. Chapter 2: Races. "Gnomes".
  84. ↑ "A Name Is Earned" (1x49) at 2:32:53.
  85. ↑ "One Year Later..." (1x95) at 2:56:12.
  86. ↑ "The Gentleman's Path" (2x19) at 2:38:21.
  87. ↑ Explorer's Guide to Wildemount, Chapter 3: "Wildemount Gazetteer", p. 67. Chapter 3: Wildemount Gazetteer. "Lushgut Forest".
  88. ↑ Explorer's Guide to Wildemount, Chapter 4: "Character Options", p. 173. Chapter 4: Character Options. "Goblinkin in the Dwendalian Empire".
  89. ↑ Explorer's Guide to Wildemount, Chapter 7: "Wildemount Bestiary", p. 292. Chapter 7: Wildemount Bestiary. "Horizonback Tortoise".
  90. ↑ 90.0 90.1 "Curious Beginnings" (2x01) at 39:59.
  91. ↑ "The Nameless Ones" (E1x01) at 2:33:19.
  92. ↑ 92.0 92.1 "The Nameless Ones" (E1x01) at 2:38:09.
  93. ↑ 93.0 93.1 "Vox Machina Go to Hell" (1x91) at 1:05:52.
  94. ↑ "Blood and Shadow" (E3x03) at 19:43.
  95. ↑ "Bitterness and Dread" (E3x02) at 1:52:04.
  96. ↑ "Vox Machina Go to Hell" (1x91) at 1:04:26.
  97. ↑ "Vox Machina Go to Hell" (1x91) at 1:07:45.
  98. ↑ "Vox Machina Go to Hell" (1x91) at 1:03:54.
  99. ↑ See The Mighty Nein Origins: Jester Lavorre
  100. ↑ "Unfinished Business" (1x100) at 36:18.
  101. ↑ "Trial by Firelight" (3x02) at 1:49:56.
  102. ↑ 102.0 102.1 "On the Trail of a Killer" (3x04) at 3:35:40.
  103. ↑ "The Threat Between the Walls" (3x05) at 1:45:02.
  104. ↑ 104.0 104.1 "A Traveler's Gamble" (1x66) at 2:09:07.
  105. ↑ 105.0 105.1 105.2 "Daring Days" (1x86) at 3:40:39.
  106. ↑ Call of the Netherdeep, Chapter 4: "The Jewel of Hope", p. 80. Chapter 4: The Jewel of Hope. "Ank'Harel Gazetteer".
  107. ↑ "A Traveler's Gamble" (1x66) at 2:06:04.
  108. ↑ Explorer's Guide to Wildemount, Chapter 1: "Story of Wildemount", p. 19. Chapter 1: Story of Wildemount. "The Menagerie Coast".
  109. ↑ Explorer's Guide to Wildemount, Chapter 3: "Wildemount Gazetteer", p. 75. Chapter 3: Wildemount Gazetteer. "Ruins of Sepesca".
  110. ↑ "Trial of the Take: Part 1" (1x18) at 2:08:10.
  111. ↑ "A Name Is Earned" (1x49) at 23:12.
  112. ↑ "Between a Ball and a Hot Place" (2x129) at 36:29.
  113. ↑ "A Dangerous Chase" (2x64) at 43:10.
  114. ↑ Explorer's Guide to Wildemount, Chapter 4: "Character Options", p. 177–178. Chapter 4: Character Options. "Orcs and Half-Orcs".
  115. ↑ Explorer's Guide to Wildemount, Chapter 3: "Wildemount Gazetteer", p. 115. Chapter 3: Wildemount Gazetteer. "Rime Plains".
  116. ↑ Player's Handbook, 5th edition, p. 123. Chapter 4: Personality and Background. "Languages".
  117. ↑ Xanathar's Guide to Everything, p. 52. Chapter 1: Character Options. "Storm Sorcery".
  118. ↑ Volo's Guide to Monsters, p. 135.
  119. ↑ Explorer's Guide to Wildemount, Chapter 4: "Character Options", p. 180.
  120. ↑ Explorer's Guide to Wildemount, Chapter 7: "Wildemount Bestiary", p. 299.
  121. ↑ "Into the Frostweald" (1x48) from 2:15:00 through 2:15:13.
  122. ↑ "The Nameless Ones" (E1x01) at 2:38:03.
  123. ↑ "Crisis of Faith" (3x61) at 1:03:43.
  124. ↑ "Red Nose Day 2023 One-Shot: Choose Their Adventure… Again!" (OSx56) at 2:20. In the galapa tongue.
  125. ↑ "The Gift Among the Green" (E1x06) at 1:08:42. Aabria asked if anyone spoke Celestial before describing the Qoniiran language.
  126. ↑ "A Haunted Past" (3x63) at 1:25:35.
  127. ↑ "Phantasmal Parley" (3x72) at 1:07:57.
  128. ↑ "The Threat Between the Walls" (3x05) at 3:36:10.
  129. ↑ "Bloody Flowers" (3x67) at 1:40:09. Laudna does not understand Abyssal.
  130. ↑ "A Long Walk of Reflection" (3x62) at 3:03:25. Laudna separately knows Undercommon.
  131. ↑ "Dark Portents" (3x29) at 1:44:45. Matt: So what this does, looking at it, the language itself is an ancient Sylvan basis, but a runic inscription version of the Sylvan language that is used for pressing ideas and philosophies and truths onto weapons as part of an enchantment. [...] But from what you can tell, it tends to be about banishing shadow and then creating shadow in the same stroke.
  132. ↑ 132.0 132.1 "One Year Later..." (1x95) at 44:02.
  133. ↑ "A Show of Scrutiny" (2x02) at 2:45:44.
  134. ↑ Player's Handbook, 5th edition, pp. 95–96. Chapter 3: Classes. "Rogue".
  135. ↑ "A Musician's Nostalgia" (1x37) at 4:16:18.
  136. ↑ "Dangerous Dealings" (1x42) at 2:33:52.
  137. ↑ "Waste and Webs" (2x10) at 3:02:50.
  138. ↑ "The Siege of Emon" (1x78) at 3:29:45.
  139. ↑ 139.0 139.1 139.2 "In Ruins" (1x41) at 58:24.
  140. ↑ "Waste and Webs" (2x10) at 2:55:29.
  141. ↑ "Under Timeless Ice" (2x116) at 23:27.
  142. ↑ "The Temple Showdown" (1x11) at 1:07:54.
  143. ↑ "One Year Later..." (1x95) at 3:31:23.
  144. ↑ "Into the Greyspine Mines" (1x02) at 2:49:06.
  145. ↑ "Between a Ball and a Hot Place" (2x129) at 36:31.
  146. ↑ "The Trick about Falling" (1x05) at 22:33.
  147. ↑ "A Dangerous Chase" (2x64) at 43:04.
  148. ↑ This is in the tongue of the drow who founded the city, and Undercommon is established in-campaign as the vernacular language of Rosohna. See Explorer's Guide to Wildemount, Chapter 3: "Wildemount Gazetteer", p. 143. Chapter 3: Wildemount Gazetteer. "Rosohna (Ghor Dranas)".
  149. ↑ "Lost & Found" (2x13) at 1:03:24.
  150. ↑ "High Seas, High Stakes" (2x99) at 3:00:23.
  151. ↑ "Roots Between Worlds" (3x74) at 23:34.
  152. ↑ "Roots Between Worlds" (3x74) at 1:53:05. See also 1:54:25 and 2:18:10
  153. ↑ "A Show of Scrutiny" (2x02) from 1:55:13 through 1:55:54.
  154. ↑ "The Trick about Falling" (1x05) at 2:23:36. The hook horrors communicate by a series of clicking and clacking sounds, confirmed by the Monster Manual (p. 189) to be a language.
  155. ↑ "The Search For Bob" (OSx31) at 2:26:50. Githzerai named Shanak shows Percy a book in the language he did not understand, which is likely to be the language of gith.
  156. ↑ "The Search For Bob" (OSx31) at 2:07:19. Bertrand claimed that he was able to speak the language of minotaurs.
  157. ↑ Explorer's Guide to Wildemount, Chapter 7: "Wildemount Bestiary", p. 297.
  158. ↑ "Fetching Fables & Frosty Friends" (2x115) at 2:11:14. One of the yetis shouted a distict series of words not in Common language, which the Monster Manual (p. 305–306) confirms to be Yeti language.
  159. ↑ "The Deceiver's Stand" (1x83) at 39:06.
  160. ↑ "Masquerade" (1x99) at 3:36:38.
  161. ↑ "Refjorged" (2x76) at 1:00:09.
  162. ↑ "The Voiceless Village" (RST 1x04).
  163. ↑ Tal'Dorei Campaign Setting Reborn, Chapter 6: "Allies and Adversaries of Tal'Dorei", p. 227.
  164. ↑ Explorer's Guide to Wildemount, Chapter 3: "Wildemount Gazetteer", p. 120.
  165. ↑ "What Dreams May Come" (3x34) at 2:57:58.
  166. ↑ Explorer's Guide to Wildemount, Chapter 3: "Wildemount Gazetteer", p. 142.
  167. ↑ "The Draw of Destiny" (3x01) at 1:36:41.

Art:

  1. ↑ Official art of a tome with Abyssal script on the cover, by Olivia Samson from Vox Machina Origins II 2. This file is a copyrighted work. Its use in this article is asserted to qualify as fair use of the material under United States copyright law.
  2. ↑ Screenshot of Marquesian writing, by Titmouse from "Prisoners of Ank'Harel" (LVM3x02). This file is a copyrighted work. Its use in this article is asserted to qualify as fair use of the material under United States copyright law.
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