Timeline


 * For a list of Critical Role media in chronological order, see Media Chronology.

This timeline is intended to put the known events of the Critical Role universe in as close to chronological order as possible.

Notes and explanations
This time line uses the official calendar on page 41 of the Tal'Dorei Campaign Setting.

Most dates outside the stream are approximate. For example, sources will often say something like "400 years ago" or "a millennium ago," which obviously isn't meant to be exact. Likewise, many dates are described as "less than" or "more than" or "nearly" some number of years ago. A character's birth year is generally their age subtracted from the year when the age is mentioned, though of course that could be off by one year if, for example, the age is mentioned earlier in the year than that character's birthday. This language should be included in the citation for clarity.

Conflicting evidence
Many dates in this time line are based on evidence that the streamed events of Campaign 1: Vox Machina took place between 810 and 812 PD. That evidence includes the following:
 * In, Vincent Clor specifically noted that the date was 12 Misuthar 812 PD, which was the same day Vox Machina fled from a bad battle with Vecna into the Feywild.
 * Winter's Crest offers a convenient marking of time: there was one in the pre-stream adventures (a ruined festival in Westruun, but Emon threw another festival to make up for the spoiled one), there was another just days before the Chroma Conclave attack (the thin barrier between planes on that day helped Thordak escape the Elemental Plane of Fire), and there was one during Vox Machina's long break from adventuring right before the final days of the campaign.
 * The map accompanying the Tal'Dorei Campaign SettingTyriokTalDoreiMap.jpg was inscribed with the year 812 P.D. ("Post-Divergence"), and was created by Tyriok Gadsworth, who was in the process of creating the map in, which took place at the beginning of the year following the Chroma Conclave's attack on Emon. The Campaign Setting was set roughly one year after the fall of the Chroma Conclave.
 * Matthew Mercer said on Twitter that, in relation to Campaign 1, Campaign 2 was "over 20 years later." Campaign 2 starts in Sydenstar 835 PD.
 * The canon media time line released in June 2021 shows Vox Machina's campaign taking place between 810 and 812 PD.


 * The Tal'Dorei Campaign Setting Reborn confirms that 836 PD is 24 years after the end of Campaign 1.

That said, the Explorer's Guide to Wildemount contradicts all of the above: it repeatedly states that the Chroma Conclave's attacks on Tal'Dorei and Draconia occurred in 815 PD. The guide also notes that the Myriad set up a satellite group in Tal'Dorei twenty years ago (i.e. 815 PD), and it is amply established that they had a foothold in Tal'Dorei by the time Vox Machina began.

This was reinforced in an episode in 836 PD: Beauregard Lionett recalled that Delilah Briarwood was ousted from the Cerberus Assembly "25, 26 years" earlier, which would be 810 PD. She fled and eventually took over Whitestone five or six years before Vox Machina led the rebellion against them, suggesting that Whitestone was liberated in 815 PD.

Slightly less straightforward evidence of conflict: Allura Vysoren appeared to be in her mid-fifties in 836 PD. If the Chroma Conclave attacked in 810 PD, and Allura led a group of adventurers who sealed Thordak about 15 or 16 years before that, then Thordak was sealed in 794 or 795 PD, when Allura would have been a young teenager.

Although the canon timeline released at the announcement of Exandria Unlimited shows Vox Machina's campaign taking place between 810 and 812 PD and the new mini-campaign taking place in 842 PD, the announcements repeatedly say that the mini-campaign takes place "almost" or "nearly" thirty years after the Chroma Crisis, which would have occurred between late 810 and early 811 PD.

Another specific date doesn't seem to fit either scenario well: in, set in 826 PD, Matt starts the episode by saying it has been "just over a decade since Vecna's ascension and subsequent banishing." That doesn't fit with Vecna's ascension being in 817 PD, as it would have been if the Chroma Conclave attacked in 815. And it's a slight stretch to say 14 years is "just over a decade."

Vincent Clor's date contradicts another couple of pieces of canon, in a smaller way. He stated that the date was 12 Misuthar, but a previous episode indicated that Vox Machina was taking a full one-year break that would have ended weeks after 12 Misuthar. One could treat that "one year" as approximate, but that one-year break included the creation of a permanent teleportation circle in Whitestone, which would take exactly one year. It's not a big adjustment, so this time line simply treats the 12 Misuthar date as correct.

The Founding and prior events
See The Founding for an overview.

The Calamity
See The Calamity for an overview. The war that came to be called the Calamity wiped out most of civilization.

0 to 399 PD

 * Shortly after the Divergence
 * Scavenging drow turned from Lolth and worshiped the Luxon. They ascended from the Underdark to reclaim Ghor Dranas; they were led by House Kryn.
 * Ioun's followers went into hiding.
 * The Blooming Grove was built.
 * Halflings began farming in the Dividing Plains and the foothills of the Cliffkeep Mountains.


 * Early post-Divergence: Druvenlode was established.
 * Within a generation: Ley energies shifted by the Calamity, and energies left over from the Calamity, caused the accelerated growth and magical flux that gave birth to the Verdant Expanse in an area untouched by the Betrayer Gods.
 * Wood elves returned from the Feywild united under the sorceress Yenlara, their first leader after the Divergence, and founded the city of Syngorn in the Verdant Expanse.
 * Approximately or shortly thereafter: Kraghammer was founded by the survivors of Uthtor and led by Clan Jaggenstrike.
 * Uthodurn was founded.
 * The arcane forest fire in the future Greying Wildlands finally burned out, but one section of forest survived, which would rebound as the Veluthil Forest. The smoke from the fires took a little longer to clear.
 * Halflings began cultivating the Felderwin Tillage.
 * Approximately : A Luxon beacon was found in Blightshore near the base of the Penumbra Range.
 * Approximately or earlier: Thordak began ruling over half of Marquet.
 * Humans sailed from Issylra to the western coast of the continent that will later be called Tal'Dorei; their first settlement was the port city of O'Noa.
 * After 312 PD, some time before 494 PD: Humans in western Tal'Dorei spread until they controlled all the western shores, and founded the city of Emon.

400 to 499 PD

 * Around — An exploration vessel from Marquet reached the Swavain Islands and first established trade with the Ki'Nau. The Marquesians soon returned and established Damali.
 * After 400 PD, before 635 PD — The Wanderman Assembly formed a capitalistic society in the Shattered Teeth after being stranded there by a hurricane.
 * — The Ki'Nau established a shamanistic site that would expand into the village of Othe when Marquesian explorers discovered that rare and valuable herbs grew well in the surrounding marsh.
 * Approximately — Joran the Sea-Speaker, hero of the Verdant Expanse and wielder of the Spire of Conflux, ventured into the Endless Maze of the Abyss, where he and the Spire were devoured by Yenk the goristro.
 * — Hill giants wrecked the gnomish city of Wittebak; Kraghammer welcomed the refugees.
 * Approximately — Zadash was founded as a guarded community under the Julous family.
 * Probably approximately — Ank'Harel was founded under the rule of J'mon Sa Ord. Shortly thereafter, cultists of Zehir sealed Uk'otoa beneath the ocean floor. The Marquesian colonists of the Menagerie Coast demanded independence, which J'mon Sa Ord eventually granted.
 * , while Yenlara lived — Warren Drassig rose to power in Emon, established the Kingdom of Drassig, severed diplomatic ties with Syngorn, and made new alliances with Kraghammer. Yenlara's grandson, Syngorn's diplomat to Emon, tried to resolve things diplomatically, but was tortured and killed, kicking off the 32-year Scattered War. The elves of Syngorn established the hidden Emerald Outpost to keep watch on the growing Kingdom of Drassig. Within the next nine years, the port city of O'Noa was devastated in one of the bloodiest battles of the war.
 * — The Golden Grin was established.
 * , while Yenlara lived — The wood elves and their allies from human colonies oppressed by the Kingdom of Drassig ambushed and killed Warren Drassig at the village of Torthil. Warren's son Neminar succeeded him, and Neminar drew on the power of the Betrayer God Bane, the Strife Emperor, to augment his forces.
 * Between 488 PD and approximately 524 PD — Zan Tal'Dorei rallied the resistance, lured Neminar Drassig's forces into the Verdant Expanse, and crushed them there. Warren Drassig's youngest son, Trist, succeeded Neminar.

500 to 599 PD

 * — Wilhand Trickfoot had a dream and left the Trickfoot family to devote his life to Sarenrae.
 * — The Star of Exaltation, born from a tear Bahamut shed in the Founding, was used as a focus in a ritual to bring the god's intervention to defend Vasselheim against a terrible siege. This destroyed the artifact.
 * — Zan Tal'Dorei's forces backed King Trist Drassig's forces into a valley at the base of the Cliffkeep Mountains, but a flood of fiends poured into the battlefield. Against all odds, Zan Tal'Dorei's forces prevailed, ending the Drassig bloodline, the infernal pact the Drassigs had made, and the Scattered War. The blood of the demons thereafter blackened the grass and flowers that grow there, and the area became known as the Umbra Hills; the energies unleashed killed the forest in the valley, afterward known as the Grey Valley. The leaders of the Verdant Expanse convened a council, crowned Zan Tal'Dorei as Sovereign in a power-sharing arrangement, and named the realm Tal'Dorei.
 * Between 511 PD and approximately 526 PD — The trade unions of Westruun laid claim to the Shadebarrow.
 * Between 511 PD and approximately 526 PD — To prevent further incursions by supernatural evils due to misuse of magic, Yurek Windkeeper brought together the most trusted and talented mages of the realm to form the Arcana Pansophical.
 * — Rexxentrum was founded over the ruins of an ancient temple to Pelor.
 * — Errevon the Rimelord, taking advantage of a celestial solstice, opened a rift from the Frostfell to what will later be called the Frostweald, beginning the Icelost Years. With an army of frost giants and sentient blizzards, Errevon conquered most of the continent in a few years.
 * — The Council of Tal'Dorei convinced Syngorn and Kraghammer to join in an alliance against Errevon, and together their forces battled Errevon back through the rift, which the Ashari druids sealed shut. The victory was later celebrated annually as the Winter's Crest festival.
 * Approximately — Gruumsh-worshipping goblins stormed the Lushgut Forest and desecrated Sepesca, the Ki'Nau's holiest of burial temples, where Melora's blood was said to have spilled before the Divergence. The Ki'Nau fled and the site was left in ruins.
 * — Following more than three years of debate—and Eckhardt Dwendal making deals to build support for his son among guild leaders—Manfried Dwendal was crowned as the first emperor of the Dwendalian Empire. He soon banned worship that did not promote the interests of the empire. Soon afterward, Berleben was settled.
 * — The Admonition: Emperor Manfried Dwendal had leaders of various faiths executed after they attempted to usurp the throne in rebellion against his religious restrictions.
 * 544 PD — The Julous Dominion, attempting to cement their rule over the area around Kamordah, drove independent villagers nearby into the Cyrios Mountains.
 * 544 PD — The Dwendalian Empire declared war on the Julous Dominion, kicking off the 16-month Marrow War. The high cleric of the Julous Dominion made a pact with a devil of the Nine Hells to protect against the Empire. Devils and undead swarmed the Marrow Valley, which did offer protection against the Empire but also menaced the residents. The Raven Queen gave one of her priests, Trence Orman, knowledge of blood magic, which he spread to trusted friends. So began the Claret Orders. The Claret Orders purged the valley of the fiends and undead, and Dwendalian forces promptly swept in.
 * — Dwendalian forces occupied Zadash. Baron Inock Julous and Baroness Tessandra Julous met with Manfried Dwendal to negotiate a peace but were executed instead, leaving the Dominion leaderless and bringing the Marrow War to an end.
 * Around — The Eve of Crimson Midnight: A conflict between high-born arcane practitioners of the former Julous Dominion and those of the Empire's noble houses broke out into all-out warfare in the streets of Rexxentrum. The combatants were apprehended and, in exchange for amnesty, agreed to serve the Crown directly as a council of mages called the Cerberus Assembly, after the organization of the same name that was destroyed in the Calamity.
 * — Due to a relic retrieved from the wreckage of Aeor, a wave of purple-grey shadow suddenly engulfed Molaesmyr and began slowly corrupting the entire Veluthil Forest, causing surviving refugees to flee to Bysaes Tyl or to the Flotket Alps, where they stumbled upon Uthodurn.
 * Probably approximately Thordak, not yet matured into an ancient dragon, attacked Ank'Harel but was seemingly killed by J'mon Sa Ord. Thordak, nearly dead, washed up on the island of Viscan, where the long-exiled Marquesian necromancer Opash discovered him and enslaved him for years, hoping to use him to achieve immortality.

600 to 699 PD

 * Approximately — The Clasp was founded.
 * — The last known use of powerful, ancient magic for permanently nullifying selected memories.
 * Before 612 PD — A gold rush in the Ironseat Ridge made Kymal into a boom town over the next century.
 * — Whitestone was founded by an expedition led by the de Rolo family.
 * — Tyrelda, later High Warden of Syngorn, was born.
 * Approximately — After most of the Open Quay burned down, Yussa Errenis bought the land.
 * Approximately 638 — A scavenged Aeorian artifact turned all the frost giants in the Fortress of the Dead Jarl into zombies.
 * Approximately 638 — The Dwendalian Empire absorbed Hupperdook via an agreement negotiated by Emma Zezbok, who became the city's first starosta and still held the position in 835 PD.
 * — On the strength of its brewing, Trostenwald boomed into a city.
 * Not long after 635 PD — Pride's Call chose to ally with the expanding Dwendalian Empire.

700 to 779 PD

 * — Kymal's gold rush came to an end as the deposits ran dry, and the mining industry died within a decade.
 * Approiximately — Essek Thelyss was born.
 * — The Iron Authority conquered the Beynsfal Plateaus.
 * — Fearne Calloway was born.
 * — The Iron Authority united all the hobgoblin kingdoms under Tz'Jarr, the Iron Emperor.
 * Before 735 PD — The Lapidus family became prominent in Port Damali.
 * Before 735 PD — Darktow Isle became a haven for sailors coming from Tal'Dorei and Marquet to Wildemount.
 * Approximately — The Kryn Dynasty started working to bring warring goblin clans and orc clans of the northern shores of Xhorhas together, an effort that eventually resulted in a unified society in the city of Jigow.
 * — The Kryn Dynasty began revealing itself to the wider world.
 * Not long after 735 PD — The Kryn brokered a peace agreement between the seven villages of the Many Hosts of Igrathad.
 * Not long after 735 PD — During the reign of King Alfwin Dwendal, the Dwendalian Empire absorbed Grimgolir and Bladegarden.
 * Not long after 735 PD — The Rockguard Garrison was built to mark the union of Grimgolir and the Empire.
 * Not long after 735 PD — Parts of the Savalirwood became havens for criminals, leading to Shadycreek Run being established.
 * — The Orroyen tribes re-established contact with the elves of Syngorn after a long period of separation.
 * — Scanlan Shorthalt was born.
 * — Rich silver deposits were found in the hills near Jorenn Village, setting off a long boom in the town.
 * — Earthbreaker Groon was born.
 * — Kima was born.
 * — A shipping company (or trapper guild ousted from Icehaven) in Yrrosa turned to smuggling contraband and soon formed the beginnings of the Myriad, which would become Wildemount's largest criminal organization.
 * 755 PD — The walls of Rosohna were extended somewhat into the Ghostlands to incorporate some of the settlements just outside the city.
 * 755 PD — Kruvanis Stormwind was born.
 * Approximately — Raishan destroyed a temple of Melora and was cursed with an ever-worsening sickness.
 * Approximately — Calis Krishtan opened The Maiden's Wish casino in Kymal, setting off another long boom period for the city.
 * — Bertrand Dwendal, future king of the Dwendalian Empire, was born.
 * — Pike Trickfoot was born.
 * — Shaun Gilmore was born.
 * Approximately — Palebank Village was founded with the help of Elro Aldataur, who led the village for at least the next 60 years.
 * Approximately — The Golden Chain, a mercenary company, established itself in Port Damali.

780 to 799 PD

 * — Tiberius Stormwind was born.
 * — Vax'ildan and Vex'ahlia were born.
 * — Taryon Darrington was born.
 * — The Myriad began slowly infiltrating the Herethis platinum mines around this time.
 * — Percival Fredrickstein Von Musel Klossowski de Rolo III was born.
 * — Keyleth was born.
 * — Bertrand Dwendal assumed the throne of the Dwendalian Empire.
 * 790 PD — Laudna was born near Whitestone.
 * — Cassandra de Rolo was born.
 * — Vax'ildan and Vex'ahlia were sent away from their mother Elaina in Byroden to live with their father, Syldor Vessar, in Syngorn.
 * 792 or 793 PD — Raishan and Thordak the Cinder King met and formed an alliance.
 * 792 or 793 PD — At the southern edges of the Council of Tal'Dorei's influence, Thordak began to raid caravans and autonomous villages, which sent requests to Emon for aid and protection. Sovereign Odellan Tal'Dorei rejected the idea of sending a regiment as too costly without confirmation of the threat. Over the next two years, Thordak proceeded to burn the fields of the Mornset Countryside and enslave the Outerfolk of the region.
 * — Korshad Seddiki established himself in Deastok's criminal underground.
 * Between 792 and 794 PD — Loman Turray became High Curator of the Valley Archive of the Cobalt Soul in Zadash and Herald of the Archive.
 * — Judessa Fruunast, queen of the dwarves of Uthodurn, died and was succeeded by her daughter, Simone Fruunast.
 * — Vilya left the Air Ashari to begin her Aramenté.
 * 794 or 795 PD — Allura Vysoren and Lady Kima of Vord met, and defeated the Scourged Rider.
 * — Thordak laid waste to everything around the Gladepools, including Port Udall and Byroden, where Elaina lived. Thordak thrashed Emon's forces from Fort Daxio. Allura, Kima, Drake Thunderbrand, and the rest of their adventuring party failed to stop Thordak and fell back. But with the help of the Arcana Pansophical, and losing several compatriots, they managed to seal Thordak in the Elemental Plane of Fire.
 * 795 — Dungeoneers exploring Bazzoxan went mad from the demonic influence there and accidentally reactivated a rift to the Abyss. Demonic forces spilled forth, but were fought back at great cost of life, and a long period of containment began.
 * 795 — Independent merchant companies, resisting rising taxation from the Clovis Concord, turned to piracy and established the Revelry.
 * 795 — Sunbreaker Olomon successfully challenged Ogre Lord Buhfal in deadly one-on-one combat for leadership of Urzin.
 * — Shaun Gilmore left his hometown of Shandal and moved to Tal'Dorei.
 * — Tiberius passed the Sorcerer's Rite.
 * 799 PD or earlier — Atrix became the Margrave of Westruun.

800 to 808 PD

 * — Vilya left the Fire Ashari after successfully completing their trials.
 * 800 PD — Gradim Greyspine was voted in as head of the council of Kraghammer.
 * — The pallid elves emerged from the Pallid Grove.
 * — Jarett Howarth left Marquet to avoid execution after his months-long tryst with a girl of very high noble status was discovered.
 * 802 PD — Tiberius became the youngest appointed member of the Draconian magic guild.
 * 802 PD — Kima's last proper time with the Order of the Platinum Dragon until returning with a Horn of Orcus in 810 PD.
 * 802 PD — Bren Aldric Ermendrud was born.
 * 802 PD — On an expedition in the Frostweald, Jorlund Vohr, half-orc professor of archaeology and spirit-speaker, discovered a cache of Ioun Stones and a silver tablet inscribed with a Celestial-language poem that hinted at the location of Kamaljiori in the Cavern of Axiom. Aside from a parchment copy of the tablet's script, Jorlund's research and findings were stolen a week after he returned to the Alabaster Lyceum.
 * 802 PD — The Shadewatch was formed in Jorenn Village.
 * Theanor Whisperthin became starosta of Felderwin.
 * — Clarota discovered his arcane abilities and was cast out from the illithid colony.
 * Approximately — Skirmishes began between the Dwendalian Empire and Kryn Dynasty, and escalated over the next three decades.
 * — A daughter was born to King Murghol and Queen Ulara.
 * Approximately — A clan of wildfolk on an island in Eiselcross found an exposed part of Quajath's body in a cave and discovered that it was a self-regenerating source of meat; eating the meat put them under Quajath's control.
 * Approximately 805 PD — The Briarwoods slaughtered the de Rolo family and seized control of Whitestone. Percy escaped Whitestone with the help of his sister Cassandra de Rolo, who was presumed killed during the escape.
 * Approximately 805 PD — Fjord was born.
 * — Raishan, disguised as a 15-year-old human girl, infiltrated the Fire Ashari.
 * — Vilya failed her trial with the Water Ashari and disappeared in the Elemental Plane of Water, ending up on Rumblecusp, where her memories were suppressed for decades.
 * — The Myriad started encroaching on the Clasp's turf in Stilben.
 * — Orthax made a pact with Percy.

809 PD

 * Grog Strongjaw, Keyleth, Scanlan Shorthalt, Tiberius, Vax'ildan, Vex'ahlia, and Trinket formed the group that would eventually become Vox Machina.
 * Fendril Vas hired the party to investigate the Myriad. After they destroyed Crysa-Thul, discovering that the contract was a ruse to feed them to this deity, the party killed Fendril Vas in retribution.
 * Grog suddenly left for the city of Westruun.
 * After not hearing from Grog for weeks, the rest of the party go Westruun as well.Pike Trickfoot joined the party to help them find Grog.
 * Within Gatshadow Mountain, they encountered a mind-controlled Grog, the reanimated corpse of Stonejaw Strongjaw, and a dying mage, Drath Mephruhn, attempting to become a lich. The party slew the undead Stonejaw and the mage, but not before a phylactery was embedded within Grog's chest.
 * The party returned to Westruun to look for help in removing the phylactery from Grog. They sought the help of Lady Kima of Vord, but she was already on her year-long pilgrimage by this time. They began hearing rumors of missing children. Elowen Brist asked the party to find her son Simon a few weeks after he disappeared.
 * Drez Vina hired the party to steal a particular brass box from Realmseer Eskil Ryndarien. Instead of stealing from Eskil, they asked for his help in removing the phylactery. He agreed, and sent them to collect two items he needed for the ritual: the skull of a nightmare, and the heart of a nymph.
 * The party traveled north to the Umbra Hills, where they battled cult to retrieve a nightmare's skull. Percy joined the party after they freed him from imprisonment.
 * The party traveled south to the Frostweald. Vex'ahlia was turned to stone by basilisks, but was revived by the others. They encountered a nymph named Nahla. Grog entered the nymph's sanctuary and returned some time later looking satisfied and holding a jewel given to him by Nahla: the heart of the nymph.
 * The party returned to Westruun. Eskil Ryndarien successfully completed the ritual and destroyed the phylactery in Grog's chest. Drez Vina confronted the party about their broken contract. To square their debt, he offered them another contract, which they accepted.
 * The party traveled to the Shadebarrow. They battled with an iron golem guarding the barrow, slew it, and retrieved the arcane cortex from its chest. The party obtained a Bag of Holding from the barrow.
 * The party returned the arcane cortex to Drez Vina, fulfilling their contract. Kradin Grimthorne approached the party and offered to represent them in a fighting ring. They agreed, entered the fights, and emerged victorious.
 * Westruun began preparing for the Winter's Crest Festival. A strange blue crystal was delivered in the name of Eskil Ryndarien.
 * Winter's Crest in Westruun The blue crystal suddenly detonated, freezing the entire city of Westruun. The party was shielded from this by Abjurist Noja. A woman stood where the crystal was, then leapt through a portal. The party followed her through. There, the woman revealed her true form as the white dragon Skysunder, and the party killed her.
 * The party returned to Westruun and saw that the people had been freed from the ice.
 * Meanwhile, the Winter's Crest festival in Emon was soured by a staged assassination attempt that left Sovereign Uriel's family possessed by demonic spirits.
 * Eskil Ryndarien was put on trial for the attack on Westruun. The party was able to prove his innocence. In thanks, Eskil investigated and discovered that the Clasp was the source of the blue crystal.
 * Using Vax's knowledge of the Clasp, the party now known as Vox Machina headed west towards Emon.

Miscellaneous dates and times

 * The post-Divergence calendar begins with year 0 (zero), rather than starting with 1.
 * Kashaw and Vesh consummated their marriage on his fifteenth "name-day" (the same as a birthday?). Kashaw also tried to kill her at that time.
 * As ancient dragons, Thordak, Vorugal, Umbrasyl, and Raishan were all over 800 years old when they attacked Emon.
 * Thordak was not yet ancient when he attacked Ank'Harel, meaning he turned 800 between ~595 PD and ~790 PD.
 * Thordak was older than Raishan.
 * Brimscythe was between the ages of "young" and "adult", meaning he was less than 100 years old.
 * The storm giants' flying city of Tempestar was destroyed "centuries" ago, "in times long past," and thus their seat on the Council of Seven Scepters has remained empty "for generations," as of 812 PD.

Other timelines

 * Timeline of Campaign 3
 * Media chronology